Boiler construction



Filed May 1, 1953 2 Shee's-Sheecl 2 Patented Mar. 1.2, 1935 f 'v y ff Y K James F. lVIcIntire, Detroit, Mich., assignor to l United4 States Radiator Corporation, Detroit, v Mich., a corporation of New yYork*y 1 .,Applicatibn May A1, i933, lserial No. ess-,877

' l10 claims. lol; 12g-#225)- .,This invention relates generally to sectional tion B is at while the rearface of said vsection boilers,l especially those capable of being heated is provided from the top of the arched portion byoilburners and the like, and consistsofl certain to its upper end with stepped portions 18, 19 and novel features of construction, combinations and 20, respectively.. The lower stepped portion 18 5 arrangements of parts that'will be hereinafter has a" plurality of vertically spaced rearwardly 5,'

vmore/fully described'and ,particularly pointed out projecting hollow ,horizontal ribs 21 `provided. in' the appended claims. Y, with rearwardly projecting horizontal fins 22. Infthe accompanying drawings: y The intermediate stepped portion 19 isprovided Figurev 1-is`a perspectiveview of a boiler em-v with a plurality ofvertical1y spaced rearwardly -bodying my invention; Y Y` i projecting horizontal ns 23 and the upper 10A Figure 2 is a central longitudinal sectional View steppedA portion '20 has a flat rear face provided lthrough the boiler with the outer casing rewith acircular opening 24.l The rear face ofthe moved; l o A rear section H is also` flat While the front face of Figure 3 isa sectional View on the line 3 3 said section .is provided in horizontal alignment of'Figure '2; v f f l with the stepped portions 18,19 and 20 with 15 ,A Figure 4 is a sectional View on theline 4-4 stepped portions 25, `26. and,.27 respectively. The

of Figure; Y A i lower stepped portion 25is provided in horizontal Figure 5 is a sectional view on the line 5--5 alignment with'the ribs 21 with a. plurality ofof Figure 3; r f f verticallyspaced forwardly projecting hollow ribsv :Figure isa side'elevation'of the boiler with 28 having fOiWeIdly prejeetng fins 29.1 The in- 20y parts broken away; Y n termediate stepped portion 26 is .provided in u Figure 7 vis 'a sectional View on the line '1 -'7` horizontal alignment with the nns 23 with a pluof Figure2; f rality of vertically` spaced forwardlyprojecting Figures is a, Sectional viewi 0n the une 8 8 nns 30 andthe `upper stepped` portion 27.has a of Figure 6 v ki iiat front face provided with a circular opening 25.

Referring now to the drawings, A is the base; 31. The front face of the rearsection H loeneath B, C, D, lE, F, G and H, respectively, are the upthe lower ribs 28 is ilat and constitutes a dependrig'ht boiler sections;-'I is the insulation; and J is ingeXtensOIl' 0f the lOWeI'v stepped pOltOIlv 25- the jacket or outer casing of a sectional boiler The front faces of the intermediate sections C,'D,

30 embodying my invention; As shown; the base A, E, F and G are provided in horizontal alignment 30 insulation I and jacket J are conventional in con- With stepped vpOItlOYiS 32, 33 and 34, respectively, struction and are assembled in the usual manner. Corresponding to the stepped portions 25, 26 andf The-upright Sections B, CD, E, F, G and H, re- 27, respectivelygofthe rear section, while theV rear spectivel'y, however, are structurally quite differ.. faces of the intermediate. sections are provided in 35 ent from any of which I have knowledge and-conhOIZOIltel alignment With the stepped "pOItOiS 35" stitute the subject matter of my invention. 25, 2G-and 27 With stepped pei'tOIis 35, 23S-end 37,

' Preferably the sections B, C, D, E, F, G and H respectively, lcorresponding to' the stepped porare' hollow castings substantially rectangular in tiens 18,19'ai1d 20v0f the frontfsection. ,As conguration and are arranged one in rear of the sllOWli, the lO'WeI stepped pertiOns 32 are pro- 40. Qtherin abutting relation upon the base A,- Any vided ill horlzlltal aligl'llnerlt With the Aribs-'21 4,0

Sujtame means Such as the tie yodsl, '2, 3, and with vertically spaced forwardly projecting hol- 4, respectively, may be used to hold such sections 10W Tips `33 haVng forwardly pIOJ'eCtllg fins 39 together. The sections B, C, D, E, `1i* and G-,-1e' in horizontal alignment-withv the iins 22. The in-v spectively, 'are provided at their lower ends from termedete stepped portions 33 are p I'O'l/ded irlvv ,i5-front to rearvwith arched portions 5,. 5', 6y 7, 8 horizontal alignment with thefins 23 with verti- 45 and 9, respectively, which cooperate to form the Gally speeed forwardly projecting fins`40 "and thel re box`R of Vthe boiler,` while the rear sectiony llppel` stepped p0Tti0I1sf34 have fiat front faces His provided adjacent its lower end in alignment provided with circular openings 41. The lower' with said arched portions with a tubular portion stepped pOItO'Iis 35 elepIOVided yill horizontal 10 of substantially rectangular conguration. All alignment with the ribs 28y with vertically' spaced 50 of said sections are provided adjacent their upper rearwardly piOjeCtIlg l1011oW ribs 42 having rearends with tubularportions 11, 12, .13, 1'4, 151 16' wardlyprojecting fins 43 in horizontalalignment and 1'7, respectively, of substantially rectangular with the 1ins`29. The intermediate stepped pori-l conguration that" extend in a line fore and aft tions-36 are provided in horizontal alignment'fwith `'of` the boiler. i'lhe front facel of the l front sec-v the fins 30with vertically spaced rearwardlyfpro# 5,5-

jecting fins 44 and the upper stepped po-rtions 37 have fiat rear faces provided with circular openings 45. Preferably the ribs 21, 28, 38 and 42, respectively, with their ns 22, 29, 39 and 43, respectively, are staggeredly arranged in horizontal rows on the stepped portions 18, 25, 32 and 35, while the ns 23, 30, 40 and 44, respectively, on the stepped portions 19, 26, 33 and 36 are arranged respectively beneath and upon opposite sides of the tubular portions 11,12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17, respectively. In this connectionfit will be noted that the rear ends of the fins 22 and 23 are in a common vertical plane; the forward ends of the fins 39 and 40 are in a common vertical plane; the rear ends of the fins 43 and 44 are in a common vertical plane; and the forward ends of the ns 29 and 30 are in a common vertical plane. It will also be noted that the vertically aligned ilns on the rear face of the front section B substantially abut the vertically aligned fins upon the front face of the section C; that the vertically aligned fins upon the front face of the rear section II substantially abut the vertically aligned ilns upon the rear face ofthe section G; and that the vertically aligned fins of the intermediate sections substantially abut. Thus the products of combustion or gases from the fire box R will follow circuitous paths in a number of vertical planes between the' upright sections to the tubular portions 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17, respectively. A ilue 46 of suitable design is secured to the flat rear face ofthe rear section H about the rear end of the tubular portion 17 for the reception of such gases while closures 47 and 48, respectively, are provided for the forward end of the tubular portion 11 and for a horizontally aligned clean-out Aopening 49 in the front Wall of the jacket J. Push nipples 50 and 51, respectively, snugly engage aligned openings in the upright portions 52 land. 53, respectively, of the arches to permit a suitable fluid such as water to flow from one section lto another, while push nipples 54 snugly engage the openings 24, 31, 4l and 45, respectively, in the sections to permit the fluid after being heated to flow from one section to another and then out through suitable fluid openings 55 and 56 to the piping 57 and58 leading to the radiators (not shown) of the heating system. In the present instance, re brick 59 is located in the arch 5 of the front section B and is secured to the rear face of a relatively heavy metal plate 60 between the front face of the front section and the insulation I upon the inner side of the jacket J. Preferably this fire brick terminates just below an opening 61 in the plate and the latter is provided about said opening with a forwardly projecting flange 62 to which a suitable door or closure 63 is hingedly connected. Preferably such door has an opening 64 containing the glass so that lthe interior 'of the fire box R may be conveniently inspected at will without having to open the door. The front wall 65 of the jacket may be cut as indicated by dotted lines 65 in Figure 1 for the reception of suitable oil burner apparatus (not shown) when it is desired that such apparatus is to be used with the boiler. Otherwise grates (not shown) may be employed at the lower ends of the sections and the base A may then function as an ash pit. In such .a case the front wall 64 of the casing and the plate 6() would be appropriately provided rwith openings to the ash pit and with one or more closures for such openings. A plate 66 is also used between the flat rear face of the rear section H ,andthe insulation I'upon the inner side of the rear wall of the jacket to close the tubular p0rtion 10.

In order that the fins 22, 23, 29, 30, 39, 40, 43 and 44, respectively, may be readily cleaned while the boiler is in use I have provided a series of laterally spaced vertically extending openings 67 which are accessible through an elongated opening 68 in one side of the jacket J. (See Figure 6.) Preferably a single closure 69 is provided for the opening 68, while individual closures 70 are provided for the opening 67. As shown, the closure 69 is provided with spring elements 71 and 72, respectively, for snap engagement with the .edges of the opening 68, while the closures 70 are provided with hook shaped lugs 73 and 74 at the top and bottom thereof for engagement with Vsuitable slots 75 'and 76 in the sections at the top and bottom of the openings 67.

Thus from the foregoing it will be apparent that the bridge portions of the arches form the crown sheet and the tubular portions 11, 12, 13, 14, 15,16 and 17, respectively, form the receiving chamber or flue for the gases from the combustion chamber R. The staggered `ribs and iins intermediate the crown sheet and receiving chamber cooperate with the opposedy faces of the sections to cause the gases to follow circuitous paths in their passage upwardly from the combustion chamber R to the receiving chamber, consequently all heat will be'absorbed from such gases while in transit and will be transferred to the Water in the sections. In fact, -the construction is such that each section serves to direct the travel of the gases andsuch gases actually flow upwardly in and between portions of said sections. The time required for the passagelof the gases from the combustion chamber to the receiving chamber is longer Vdue to the arrangement of ribs and fins, however, the flow is continuous hence no increase in draft is' required. Due to the fact that the ribs and finsv are constructed and arranged similarly on the respective sections the circuitous passages for the gases eX- tending upwardly from thecrown sheet at spaced points longitudinally of the boiler are all alike, consequently the distribution and retardation of gases from there box to the receiving chamber will be uniform from oneend of the boiler to the other. As a result the heat absorption by the respective sections will likewise be uniform. In effect an equal division of the gases is obtained from the crown sheet to the receiving chamber. This results in uniform temperature at the crown sheet and the most effective andefficient distribution of gases over the heat absorbing surfaces. In addition, the multiplicity of upwardly extending circuitous passages provide a greater flue space for the gases and greater heat absorption means in a smaller area. Moreover, the rib structure not only provides increased heatfabsorbing surfaces and permits the water in the sections to be received therein in the path of the upwardly flowing gasesbut materially reinforce and strengthen the structure. The ns may be readily cleaned after the sections are assembled, consequently such fins may be maintained in the best of condition for securing thev maximum eiliciency. In all, a more efficient and reliable boiler construction is provided.

, What I claim as my invention is:

' LA boiler having a'base, a seriesof upright` sections arranged one in rearof `the-,other on said base, all but the rear section having arched porcent their upper ends with tubular portions that extend fore and aft of the boiler, the opposed faces of saidsections between said arched portions and tubular portions being stepped' and provided with opposed means forming circuitous passages through which the gases may flow upwardly from the fire box to the tubular portions.y

2. A sectional boiler having a series of upright flue sections arranged onein rear of the other, provided at their lower ends with aligned arches forming a fire box and provided at their upper ends with aligned openings forming a gas-receiving chamber or flue, the opposed faces of said sections between said re box and iiue being stepped and spaced apart,the steps having vertically spaced horizontal ribs that cooperate with said steps to form circuitous gas passages.

3. A boiler having a series of upright sections arranged one in rear of the other, provided at their lower ends with arched portions forming a re box and provided at their upper ends with tubular portions forming a flue, the opposed faces of said sections between said fire box and flue being stepped and provided with opposed means forming circuitous passages through which the gases mayiow upwardly from the fire box to the iue.

4. A sectional boiler having a series of upright flue sections arranged one in rear of the other, all of said sections but the rear section having arched portions at their lower ends cooperating to form a re box, all of said sections being provided adjacent their upper ends with openings through which gases may pass to a flue, the opposed faces of said sections between said arched portions and openings being stepped and'provided with opposed means forming circuitous passages through which the gases may flow upwardly from the fire box to said openings.

5. A sectional boiler having a series of upright flue sections arranged one in rear of the other, said sections being provided at their lower ends with arched portions forming a nre box and provided at their upper ends with tubular portions forming a flue, portions of the opposedy faces of said sections between said fire box and flue being stepped and being provided with opposed means forming circuitous gas passages from the re box to the ue.

6. A sectional boiler having a series of upright flue sections arranged one in rear of the other, said sections being provided at their lower ends with aligned arches forming a re box and provided'at their upper ends with openings through which the gases may flow to a ue, the opposed faces of said sections between the re box and openings being stepped and spaced apart, and means cooperating with said stepped portions vto form circuitous gas passages including vertically spaced substantially. horizontal heat absorbing ribs on said stepped portions in the spaces provided between the spaced faces `of saidl sections, the ribs on certain of said stepped portions being hollow and opening into said sections whereby a uid in said sections is free to circulate in said ribs.

'7. A sectional boiler having a series of upright iiue sections arranged one in rear of the other, said sections being provided at their lower ends with arched portions forming a fire box and provided at their upper ends with tubular portions forming a iiue, portions of the opposed faces of said sections between said i'lre box and flue be.

ing stepped and Aspaced apart to provide gas passages from the flre box to the flue, and means .cooperating with said stepped portions to direct the flow of gases in said passages including spaced substantially horizontal heat absorbing ribs o-n said stepped portions in the spaces provided between the spaced portions of said sections, the ribs on certain of said stepped portions being hollow and opening into said sections whereby a fluid in said sections is free to circulate in said ribs. n

8. A sectional boiler having a series of upright iiue sections arranged one in rear of the other, said sections being f provided at their lower ends with arches forming a fire box and provided at their upper ends with openings through which gases may pass to a flue,v the opposed faces of said sections between-the re box and 4openings being stepped and spaced apart intermediate their upright side edges to provide vertically extending gas passages, and heat absorbing means on the opposed stepped faces of said sections constructed and arranged to direct the course of said gases in said passages.

9. A sectional boiler having aseries of upright flue sections arranged one in rear of the other, said sections being hollow for the reception of a fluid and provided with means whereby `such fluid may circulate-from one section to another, said sections being provided at their lower ends with aligned arches forming a re box and provided at their upper ends with openings through which gases may flow to a iiue, the opposed faces of said sections between said re box and openings being stepped and spaced apart to provide lvertically extending gas passages, substantially horizontal heat absorbing ribs on the stepped portions cooperating therewith to direct the gases in said passages from the fire box tothe openings, the ribs being so constructed and arranged that the free ends of opposed ribs in each vertically extending passage substantially meet in a common vertical plane, the opposed faces of said sections at one side of the boiler being spaced apart to provide vertically extending elongated openings through which the horizontal ribsaforesaid are accessible from the exterior of the boiler, and means for closing said vertically extending openings whereby the spaced ribs in one vertically extending passage may be cleaned at one time without exposing the ribs in the other of said passages.

10. A sectional boiler having a series of upright flue sections arranged one in rear of the other, said sections being hollow for the reception of a fluid and provided with means whereby said iiuid may circulate from one section to another, said sections being provided at their lower ends with arched portions forming a fire box and provided at their upper ends with tubular portions forminga flue, portions of the opposed faces vof said sections between the re box and flue being stepped and spaced apart, and means cooperating with saidstepped'portions to form circuitous gas passages from the re box to the iiuey including vertically spaced substantially horizontal heat absorbing ribs on said stepped portions in the spaces Vprovided between the spaced portions of said sections, the ribs on certain of said stepped portions being hollow and openinginto the hollow sections whereby a fluid in said sections is free to circulate in said ribs.

' JAMES F. MCINTIRE. 

